Hakkokin Ma'aurata a Shari'ar Musulunci Fitowa na 2

HAKKOKIN MA’AURATA

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SHARI’AR MUSULUNCI

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MALAM RABI'U UMAR RIJIYAR LEMO, KANO.
FITOWA TA 2

3 -  YIN ADO DA KWALLIYA: Hakkin miji ne akan matarsa ta yi masa ado da kwalliya, don ta kare shi daga kallon wasu matan daban, wadanda shari’a ta hana shi kallonsu.

Mata sun kasance suna kwalliya da dan kunne da awarwaro da munduwa tun a zamanin Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, kamar yadda hadisin Abdullahi dan Abbas, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare shi a cikin Sahihul Bukhari da Muslim ya nuna, a lokacin da Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya je wajensu, ya yi musu wa’azi a ranar idi.

Kuma saboda Mahimmanci mace ta yi wa mijinta kwalliya, ta zama a shiga mai kyau mai jan hankali, Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya hana miji ya dawo wa iyalinsa daga tafiya cikin dare, ya shigo gida ba tare da sun san da zuwansa ba, An karbo daga Jabir, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare shi, ya ce, Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya ce:

 “Idan dayanku ya dade baya nan, to kada ya afkawa iyalansa cikin dare”. Bukhari ne ya rawaito.

A wata riwayar Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya fadi hikimar hakan, Jabir, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare shi, ya ce, na kasance tare da Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, a wajen wani yaki:

Ya ce, “Yayin da muka gabato (Madinah) sai muka tafi zamu shiga (wurin iyalanmu) sai Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya ce:

 “Ku dakata, har zuwa lokacin Isha, don (Matar) da bata taje gashin kanta ba, ta taje, kuma wadda mijinta baya nan ta yi aski”. Bukhari ne ya rawaito.

Kuma Abdullahi dan Abbas, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare shi, yana cewa :

 “Hakika ni, ina son in yi wa mace Kwalliya, kamar yadda nima nake son mace ta yi min kwalliya, saboda Allah yana cewa : “Suma suna da kwatankwacin abin da yake kansu da adalci”. Ibnu Jarir da Abu Hatim ne suka rawaito.

Haka nan wata rana Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya shigo gida, sai ya ga wasu zobuna na azurfa a wurin Nana Aisha, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare ta, sai ya ce mata, “Me ye wannan ya Aisha? " sai ta ce, “Na yi su ne ya Rasulallahi don in yi maka kwalliya da su”. Abu Dawud ne da waninsa suka rawaito shi.

4 – NEMAN IZININSA: Hakkin miji ne, matarsa ta nemi izininsa yayin da zata fita zuwa wani wuri, saboda hadisan da suka nuna cewa kada mace ta tafi masallaci har sai ta nemi izinin mijinta. Shaikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyya yana cewa :

“Baya hallata mace ta fita daga gidanta, sai da izininsa (wato mijinta…Idan kuwa ta fita daga gidan mijinta ba da izininsa ba, to ta zama mai tawaye, mai sabawa Allah da ManzonSa, kuma ta cancanci a yi mata Ukuba” (Majmu’ul Fataawa 32/281).

5 – KIYAYE DUKIYARSA DA MUTUNCINSA: Hakkin  miji ne, matarsa ta kiyaye masa dukiyarsa da mutuncinsa, kada ta yi wasa da dukiyarsa, Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, yana cewa :

“Kada mace ta ciyar da wani abu daga gidan mijinta, sai da izinin mijinta” sai aka ce, “Ya Manzon Allah, ko da abinci ne? sai ya ce, “Wannan shi ne mafificin dukiyarmu”. Tirmizi ne ya rawaito shi.

Amma idan abin da macen za ta bayar na abinci daga cikin kayan mijinta, ba tare da barna ba, ko wuce gona da iri ba, to babu laifi, musammam ma idan har ta san mijin nata ba zai yi fushi ba idan ya sani, ko ya sami labari, saboda Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya ce:

“Idan mace ta bayar da wani abu daga gidan mijinta, cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da barna ba, to tana da kwatankwacin ladansa (wato mijinta) tana da ladan kyakkyawar niyyarta, haka shi ma mai tsaron kayan yana da irin wannan ladan”. Tirmizi ne ya rawaito shi.

6 – YI WA MIJI HIDIMAR CIKIN GIDA: Wasu malamai sun tafi akan wajibi ne mace ta yi wa mijinta hidimar cikin gida gwargwadon ikonta, saboda hadisin da Nana Fadimatu ta zo wajen Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, neman bawan da zai taya ta hidimar cikin gida, sai Annabi, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya koya mata zikiran kwanciya barci, amma bai ce mata, ai ba wajibi ba ne a kanki ki yi wa mijinki hidima ba (Duba hadisin a Bukhari).

Ibnu Habib – Allah ya yi masa rahama – ya ce, “Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya yi hukunci tsakanin Aliyyu dan Abi Dalib da matarsa Nana Fadima yayin da suka koka masa akan hidimar cikin gida, sai Manzon Allah, tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi, ya dorawa Fadima, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare ta, hidimar cikin gida, ya dora wa Aliyyu, Allah Ya kara yarda a gare shi, hidimar waje” (Duba Zadul Ma’ad 5/169).

Imam Abu Sauri – Allah ya yi masa rahama – ya ce, “Wajibi ne akan mace ta yi wa mijinta hidima a cikin dukkan komai”.

 Haka nan ma matan Sahabbai da Tabi’ai an samu suna yi wa mazajensu hidimar cikin gida, kamar Nana Asma’u ‘yar Abubakar ta kasance tana yi wa mijnta Zubairu dan Auwam hidimar cikin gida, tana kula da dokinsa, tana yi mai ciyawa (Imam Ahmad ne ya rawaito). Don ganin karin bayani a kan wannan mas’alar duba littafin :

[زاد المعاد في هدي خير العباد لابن القيم 5/169 - 171]

Kadan kenan daga hakkokin miji akan matarsa, Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya datar damu.


HAKKOKIN MACE A KAN MIJINTA:

Mu hadu a fitowa ta 3 in sha Allahu Ta'ala.

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